Law of Torts Complete Notes
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PART 1 — INTRODUCTION TO LAW OF TORTS
- 1. Law of Torts — Meaning and Definition of Tort
- 2. Is It “Law of Tort” or “Law of Torts”?
- 3. Essential Elements of Tortious Liability
- 4. Mental Elements in Tort — Intention, Motive, Malice & Fault
- 5. Tort and Other Civil Wrongs
- 6. Development of Law of Torts in England and India
- 7. Ubi Jus Ibi Remedium
- 8. Injuria Sine Damnum
- 9. Damnum Sine Injuria
- 10. Basis of Tortious Liability
PART 2 — GENERAL DEFENCES IN TORT
- 11. General Defences in Law of Torts — Overview
- 12. Volenti Non Fit Injuria
- 13. Inevitable Accident
- 14. Act of God
- 15. Necessity
- 16. Private Defence (Self-Defence and Defence of Property)
- 17. Plaintiff’s Default / Plaintiff’s Wrong
- 18. Statutory Authority
- 19. Judicial and Quasi-Judicial Acts
- 20. Mistake of Fact in Tort Law
- 21. Illegality as a Defence in Tort Law
- 22. Parental and Quasi-Parental Authority
- 23. Act of Third Parties
- 24. Novus Actus Interveniens
PART 3 — CAPACITY, PARTIES & VICARIOUS LIABILITY
21. Capacity to Sue and Be Sued
22. Joint Tortfeasors
23. Joint and Several Liability
24. Vicarious Liability — Meaning and Basis
25. Master and Servant
26. Course of Employment
27. Independent Contractor
28. Principal and Agent
29. Liability of Partners
30. State Liability for Torts
31. Sovereign Immunity
PART 4 — NEGLIGENCE
32. Negligence — Meaning and Definition
33. Essentials of Negligence
34. Duty of Care
35. Standard of Care
36. Breach of Duty
37. Causation
38. Remoteness of Damage
39. Res Ipsa Loquitur
40. Contributory Negligence
41. Composite Negligence
42. Professional Negligence
43. Medical Negligence
PART 5 — TORTS AGAINST THE PERSON
44. Assault
45. Battery
46. Assault vs Battery
47. False Imprisonment
48. Malicious Prosecution
49. Nervous Shock / Psychiatric Injury
50. Mayhem
PART 6 — TORTS AGAINST PROPERTY & NUISANCE
51. Trespass to Land
52. Continuing Trespass
53. Trespass Ab Initio
54. Trespass to Goods
55. Conversion
56. Detinue
Nuisance
57. Nuisance — Meaning and Essentials
58. Private Nuisance
59. Public Nuisance
60. Defences to Nuisance
PART 7 — DEFAMATION
61. Defamation — Meaning and Essentials
62. Libel and Slander
63. Defences to Defamation
64. Privilege in Defamation
65. Malice in Defamation
PART 8 — STRICT & ABSOLUTE LIABILITY
66. Strict Liability — Rule in Rylands v Fletcher
67. Essentials of Strict Liability
68. Exceptions to Strict Liability
69. Act of Stranger
70. Strict Liability vs Absolute Liability
71. Absolute Liability in India
72. M.C. Mehta v Union of India
73. Strict Liability vs Absolute Liability — Comparative Analysis
PART 9 — OTHER / SPECIAL TORTIOUS LIABILITIES
74. Occupier’s Liability
75. Liability for Animals
76. Economic Torts
77. Injurious Falsehood
78. Negligent Misstatement
79. Passing Off
80. Intimidation
81. Conspiracy
82. Interference with Contractual Relations
PART 10 — DISCHARGE / EXTINCTION OF TORTIOUS LIABILITY
83. Discharge / Extinction of Tortious Liability — Introduction
84. Death — Actio Personalis Moritur Cum Persona
- maxim meaning
- general rule
- exceptions
- personal actions
- survival of causes of action
85. Waiver
86. Acquiescence
87. Release
88. Accord and Satisfaction
89. Judgment
90. Limitation
91. Discharge of Tortious Liability — Complete Revision
| Mode | Meaning | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Death | Death of party | Depends on nature of action |
| Waiver | Voluntary abandonment | Right may be lost |
| Acquiescence | Acceptance by conduct | Claim may be affected |
| Release | Giving up claim | Liability discharged |
| Accord & Satisfaction | Agreement + performance | Claim settled |
| Judgment | Final adjudication | Original cause merges in judgment |
| Limitation | Claim brought after prescribed period | Remedy may become barred |
PART 11 — REMEDIES IN TORT
92. Remedies in Tort — Introduction
93. Judicial Remedies
94. Damages
95. Types of Damages
- Nominal
- Compensatory
- Aggravated
- Exemplary/Punitive
- Contemptuous
96. Assessment of Damages
97. Injunction
98. Specific Restitution
99. Extra-Judicial Remedies
- Re-entry
- Repossession
- Abatement
- Self-help / self-defence where legally available
PART 12 — MODERN / ADVANCED TORT LAW
100. Mass Torts
101. Environmental Torts
102. Industrial Torts
103. Constitutional Tort
104. Public Law Compensation
105. Cyber Torts
106. Torts and Intellectual Property
107. Economic Torts
PART 13 — MOTOR VEHICLE & CONSUMER LAW
108. Motor Vehicle Accident Liability
109. Third-Party Liability
110. Motor Accident Claims Tribunal
111. Compensation for Motor Accidents
112. Consumer Protection and Tortious Liability
Explore more – Complete LLB Notes prepared by Law Expert Dr. Rekha Khandelwal
https://www.youtube.com/@AspirixWriters
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